国务院


中华人民共和国营业税暂行条例(附英文)

1993年12月13日，国务院

第一条 在中华人民共和国境内提供本条例规定的劳务(以下简称应税劳务)、转让无形资产或者销售不动产的单位和个人，为营业税的纳税义务人(以下简称纳税人)，应当依照本条例缴纳营业税。
第二条 营业税的税目、税率，依照本条例所附的《营业税税目税率表》执行。
税目、税率的调整，由国务院决定。
纳税人经营娱乐业具体适用的税率，由省、自治区、直辖市人民政府在本条例规定的幅度内决定。
第三条 纳税人兼有不同税目应税行为的，应当分别核算不同税目的营业额、转让额、销售额(以下简称营业额)；未分别核算营业额的，从高适用税率。
第四条 纳税人提供应税劳务、转让无形资产或者销售不动产，按照营业额和规定的税率计算应纳税额。应纳税额计算公式：
应纳税额=营业额×税率
应纳税额以人民币计算。纳税人以外汇结算营业额的，应当按外汇市场价格折合成人民币计算。
第五条 纳税人的营业额为纳税人提供应税劳务、转让无形资产或者销售不动产向对方收取的全部价款和价外费用；但是，下列情形除外：
(一)运输企业自中华人民共和国境内运输旅客或者货物出境，在境外改由其他运输企业承运乘客或者货物的，以全程运费减去付给该承运企业的运费后的余额为营业额。
(二)旅游企业组织旅游团到中华人民共和国境外旅游，在境外改由其他旅游企业接团的，以全程旅游费减去付给该接团企业的旅游费后的余额为营业额。
(三)建筑业的总承包人将工程分包或者转包给他人的，以工程的全部承包额减去付给分包人或者转包人的价款后的余额为营业额。
(四)转贷业务，以贷款利息减去借款利息后的余额为营业额。
(五)外汇、有价证券、期货买卖业务，以卖出价减去买入价后的余额为营业额。
(六)财政部规定的其他情形。
第六条 下列项目免征营业税：
(一)托儿所、幼儿园、养老院、残疾人福利机构提供的育养服务，婚姻介绍，殡葬服务；
(二)残疾人员个人提供的劳务；
(三)医院、诊所和其他医疗机构提供的医疗服务；
(四)学校和其他教育机构提供的教育劳务，学生勤工俭学提供的劳务；
(五)农业机耕、排灌、病虫害防治、植保、农牧保险以及相关技术培训业务，家禽、牲畜、水生动物的配种和疾病防治；
(六)纪念馆、博物馆、文化馆、美术馆、展览馆、书画院、图书馆、文物保护单位举办文化活动的门票收入，宗教场所举办文化、宗教活动的门票收入。
除前款规定外，营业税的免税、减税项目由国务院规定。任何地区、部门均不得规定免税、减税项目。
第七条 纳税人兼营免税、减税项目的，应当单独核算免税、减税项目的营业额；未单独核算营业额的，不得免税、减税。
第八条 纳税人营业额未达到财政部规定的营业税起征点的，免征营业税。
第九条 营业税的纳税义务发生时间，为纳税人收讫营业收入款项或者取得索取营业收入款项凭据的当天。
第十条 营业税由税务机关征收。
第十一条 营业税扣缴义务人：
(一)委托金融机构发放贷款，以受托发放贷款的金融机构为扣缴义务人。
(二)建筑安装业务实行分包或者转包的，以总承包人为扣缴义务人。
(三)财政部规定的其他扣缴义务人。
第十二条 营业税纳税地点：
(一)纳税人提供应税劳务，应当向应税劳务发生地主管税务机关申报纳税。纳税人从事运输业务，应当向其机构所在地主管税务机关申报纳税。
(二)纳税人转让土地使用权，应当向土地所在地主管税务机关申报纳税。纳税人转让其他无形资产，应当向其机构所在地主管税务机关申报纳税。
(三)纳税人销售不动产，应当向不动产所在地主管税务机关申报纳税。
第十三条 营业税的纳税期限，分别为五日、十日、十五日或者一个月。纳税人的具体纳税期限，由主管税务机关根据纳税人应纳税额的大小分别核定；不能按照固定期限纳税的，可以按次纳税。
纳税人以一个月为一期纳税的，自期满之日起十日内申报纳税；以五日、十日或者十五日为一期纳税的，自期满之日起五日内预缴税款，于次月一日起十日内申报纳税并结清上月应纳税款。
扣缴义务人的解缴税款期限，比照前两款的规定执行。
第十四条 营业税的征收管理，依照《中华人民共和国税收征收管理法》及本条例有关规定执行。
第十五条 对外商投资企业和外国企业征收营业税，按照全国人民代表大会常务委员会的有关决定执行。
第十六条 本条例由财政部负责解释，实施细则由财政部制定。
第十七条 本条例自一九九四年一月一日起施行。一九八四年九月十八日国务院发布的《中华人民共和国营业税条例(草案)》同时废止。

附：营业税税目税率表
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税 目 征收范围 税 率
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一、交通运输业 陆路运输、水路运输、 3％
航空运输、管道运输、
装卸搬运
二、建筑业 建筑、安装、修缮、装 3％
饰及其他工程作业
三、金融保险业 5％
四、邮电通信业 3％
五、文化体育业 3％
六、娱乐业 歌厅、舞厅、卡拉ＯＫ 5％－20％
歌舞厅、音乐茶座、台
球、高尔夫球、保龄球、
游艺
七、服务业 代理业、旅店业、饮 5％
食业、旅游业、仓储
业、租赁业、广告业
及其他服务业
八、转让无形资产 转让土地使用权、 5％
专利权、非专利技
术、商标权、著作
权、商誉
九、销售不动产 销售建筑物及其他 5％
土地附着物
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PROVISIONAL REGULATIONS OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ONBUSINESS TAX

(State Council: 13 December 1993)

Whole Doc.
Article 1
All units and individuals engaged in the provision of services as
prescribed in these Regulations (hereinafter referred to as 'taxable
services'), the transfer of intangible assets or the sale of immovable
properties within the territory of the People's Republic of China shall be
taxpayers of Business Tax (hereinafter referred to be 'taxpayers'), and
shall pay Business Tax in accordance with these Regulations.
Article 2
The taxable items and tax rates of Business Tax shall be determined
in accordance with the
attached to these Regulations.
Any adjustments to the taxable items and tax rates shall be
determined by the State Council.
The specific tax rates applicable to taxpayers engaged in
entertainment businesses shall be determined by the People's governments
of the provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the
central government within the range prescribed by these Regulations.
Article 3
For taxpayers engaged in taxable activities under different tax
items, the turnover, transfer and sales amounts (hereinafter referred to
as 'turnover') under different taxable items shall be accounted for
separately. If the turnover has not been accounted for separately, the
higher tax rate shall apply.
Article 4
For taxpayers providing taxable services, transferring intangible
assets on selling immovable properties, the tax payable shall be computed
according to the turnover and the prescribed tax rates. The formula for
computing the tax payable is as follows:
Tax payable = Turnover x Tax rate
The tax payable shall be computed in Renminbi, The turnover of the
taxpayer settled in foreign currencies shall be converted into Renminbi
according to the exchange rate prevailing in the foreign exchange market.
Article 5
The turnover of the taxpayers shall be the total consideration and
all other changes receivable from the payers for the provision of taxable
services transfer of intangible assets or sales of immovable properties by
the taxpayers, except for the following situations:
(1) For transportation enterprises which carry passengers or cargoes
from the territory of the People's Republic of China to over seas
locations and trans-ship passengers or cargoes to other transportation
enterprises overseas, the turnover shall be the balance of transport
charges for the whole journey less the transport charges paid to the
sub-contracted transportation enterprises.
(2) For travel enterprises which organize tourist groups to travel
outside the territory of the People's Republic of China and sub-contract
to other travel enterprises overseas, the turnover shall be the balance of
the tourist charges for the whole journey less the payments made to those
sub-contracted travel enterprises.
(3) For the main contractors in the construction business who
sub-contract work to others, the turnover shall be the balance of the
total contract sum less the payments made to the sub- contractors.
(4) For re-lending businesses, the turnover shall be the balance of
interest on lending less the interest on borrowing.
(5) For businesses buying and selling foreign currencies, marketable
securities and futures, the turnover shall be the balance of the selling
prices less the buying prices.
(6) Other situations as regulated by the Ministry of Finance.
Article 6
The following items shall be exempt from Business Tax:
(1) Nursing services provided by nurseries, kindergartens, homes for
the aged, welfare institutions for the handicapped, matchmaking and
funeral services.
(2) Services provided on individual basis by the disabled.
(3) Medical services provided by hospitals, clinics and other medical
institutions.
(4) Educational services provided by schools and other educational
institutions; and services provided by students participating in
work-study programs.
(5) Agricultural mechanical ploughing, irrigation and drainage,
prevention and treatment of plant diseases and insect pests, plant
protection, insurance for farming and animal husbandry, and related
technical training services; breeding and the prevention and treatment of
diseases of poultry, livestock and aquatic animals.
(6) Admission fees for cultural activities conducted by memorial
hall, museum, cultural centre, art gallery, exhibition hall, academy of
painting and calligraphy, library and cultural protective units; admission
fees for cultural and religious activities conducted at places of
religious worship.
Except as stipulated in the above paragraphs, the Business Tax
exemption and reduction items shall be regulated by the State Council.
Local governments or departments shall not regulate any tax exemption or
reduction items.
Article 7
For taxpayers engaged in tax exempt or tax reduced items, the
turnover shall be accounted for separately. if the turnover has not been
separately accounted for, no exemption of reduction is allowed.
Article 8
For taxpayers whose turnover has not reached the Business Tax minimum
threshold stipulated by the Ministry of Finance, the Business Tax shall be
exempt.
Article 9
The time at which a liability to Business Tax arises shall be the
date on which the business proceeds are received or documented evidence of
right to collect business proceeds is obtained by the taxpayer.
Article 10
Business Tax shall be collected by the tax authorities.
Article 11
Business Tax withholding agents are as follows:
(1) For financial institutions entrusted to grant loans, the
entrusted financial institutions shall be the withholding agents.
(2) For sub-contracting of construction and installation business,
the main contractors shall be the withholding agents.
(3) Other withholding agents as stipulated by the Ministry of
Finance.
Article 12
The place for the payment of Business Tax is as follows:
(1) Taxpayers providing taxable services shall report and pay tax to
the local competent tax authorities where the taxable services take place.
Taxpayers engaged in the transportation business shall report and pay tax
to the local competent tax authorities where the business establishment is
located.
(2) Taxpayers transferring land use rights shall report and pay tax
to the local competent tax authorities where the land is located.
Taxpayers transferring other intangible assets shall report and pay tax to
the local competent tax authorities where the establishment is located.
(3) Taxpayers selling immovable properties shall report and pay tax
to the local competent tax authorities where the immovable properties are
located.
Article 13
The Business Tax assessable period shall be five days, ten days,
fifteen days or one month. The actual assessable period of taxpayers shall
be determined by the competent tax authorities according to the magnitude
of the tax payable of the taxpayers; tax that cannot be assessed in
regular periods may be assessed on a transaction-by-transaction basis.
Taxpayers that adopt one month as an assessable period shall report
and pay tax within ten days following the end of the period. If an
assessable period of five days, ten days or fifteen days is adopted, the
tax shall be prepaid within five days following the end of the period and
a monthly tax return shall be filed with any balance of tax due settled
within ten days from the first day of the following month.
The tax payment deadlines for withholding agents shall be determined
with reference to the stipulations of the above two paragraphs.
Article 14
The collection and administration of Business Tax shall be conducted
in accordance with the relevant regulations of the Republic of China on Tax Collection and Administration> and these
Regulations.
Article 15
The collection of Business Tax from foreign investment enterprises
and foreign enterprises shall be conducted in accordance with the
resolutions of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress.
Article 16
The Ministry of Finance shall be responsible for the interpretation
of these Regulations and for the formulation of the Detailed Rules and
Regulations for the Implementation of these Regulations.
Article 17
These Regulations shall come into effect from January 1, 1994, The

promulgated by the State Council on September 18, 1984 shall be repealed
on the same date.

BUSINESS TAX TAXABLE ITEMS AND TAX RATES TABLE
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Taxable
items Scope of charge Tax Rate %
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1. Communications
and transportation Transportation by land, water, 3
air and pipeline, loading
unloading and delivery
2. Construction Construction, installation,
repair, decoration and other
engineering work 3
3. Finance and insurance 5
4. Posts and
telecommunications 3
5. Culture and sports 3
6. Entertainment Singing bars, dance halls, 5-20
karaoke lounges, commercial
music halls, musical tea
houses, billiards, golf,
bowling and amusement
facilities
7. Servicing Agency, hotel, catering, 5
tourism, warehousing,
leasing, advertising and
other services
8. Transfer of
intangible assets Transfer of land-use rights, 5
patent rights, unpatchted
technologies, trade marks,
copyrights and goodwill
9. Sale of immovable
properties Sale of buildings and other 5
attachments to land
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诉讼法理上主张成功庭审的标准是：在兼顾程序公正与实体公正的前提下，应确定程序公正优先的庭审标准问题在关键在于，为什么在诉讼法律上要主张程序公正优先于实体公正？理由主要有：
（一）实体公正有赖于程序公正的保障
法谚云，正义不仅要实现，而且要以人们看得见的方式去实现。由于人类思维能力的非至上性与客观技术手段的局限性，司法判决往往是不确定的，除少数简单案件以外，大多数案件的判决往往并没有什么标准答案。原因在于，法律适用是不确定的，法律规范或司法解释本身就具有一定的模糊性、滞后性；事实认定具有不确定性，法律上的证据与客观现实的证据有很大不同，法庭审理所能查明的事实只能相对地接近客观真实而不可能完全等于同于客观真实；法官的个性因素是不确定的，法官的家庭出身、政治立场社会地位、财产状况、知识结构、法律素养、职业道德、个人性情、嗜好和偏见等，无不对案件的法律适用与事实认定有着或明或暗的影响，并进而影响到案件的判决结果；此外，像政治、道德、习俗、宗教教规等其他社会因素也以一定方式影响着判决，这更增加了判决结果即实体正义实现的不确定性。正是由于司法判决具有相对不确定的特点，与司法裁判结果相关的实体正义也只能相对实现，这使诉讼法上的实体公正具有相对公正的性质。而程序公正则是司法公正的核心。这不仅在于程序公正对保障实体公正的实现有着积极的意义，更在于程序公正的合理是自由的内在本质，如果有可能的话，人们宁愿选择通过公正的程序实施一项暴戾的实体法，也不愿选择通过不公正的程序实施一项较为宽容的实体法。审判程序的真正价值在于，它能够给当事人获得公正审判的机会，换言之，程序公正的内在价值在于它高扬了人的生命、自由与人格尊严的意义，具有人权保障的重要政治意义。这表明，不管程序动作产生的结果如何，程序动作的本身即具有人权保障的绝对价值程序运用本身产生的正义是绝对正义。对庭审程序而言，面对相对公正的实体正义与绝对公正的程序正义的价值选择，当然应该树立程序公正优先的价值观念。
（二）程序公正使司法裁判结果具有权威性与合法性
只有程序的正当性才能支持裁判结果的正确性与权威性，因为司法实践表明，程序公正是结果公正的规矩与保障，不遵守规定的程序，一般而言难以得出正确的结论而且，如果裁判结果是从公正的程序中产生的，则容易为当事人（包括那些在裁判结果中遭受不利者）接受并能排除、消化其不满情绪，增强其对法院裁判的认同和服从，使裁判得到自觉履行。因为当事人已被给予充分、平等、公正的机会和手段保护自己，其受到的不利只是自己诉讼行为的产物。
（三）程序公正可以有效避免和防止司法腐败
在庭审程序中，以公开审判、程序参与、程序理性、程序平等和对策、程序自治为内容的一系列审判程序的充分实施，增强了程序透明度与诉讼当事人的主体意识，法官自由裁量行为被有力制约，使法官不能为了实体正义而无礼当事人的程序权利，更不能徇私枉法、办关系案、人情案、金钱案。

北安法院 杨亚新